LaTeX Cheat Sheet

Basic Syntax

• Inline: $...$ → Example: $a^2+b^2=c^2$
• Display: $${\displaystyle ...}$$ or equation environment

Common Symbols

Write…	In LaTeX
Greek letters (lowercase)	\alpha, \beta, ..., \omega
Greek letters (uppercase)	\Gamma, \Delta, \Omega, etc.
Subscripts	x_i
Superscripts	x^2
Fractions	\frac{a}{b}
Square root	\sqrt{x}, \sqrt[n]{x}
Infinity	\infty
Approximately equal	\approx
Not equal	\neq
Less/Greater than equal	\leq, \geq
Plus-minus	\pm
Degree	^\circ
Dots	\ldots, \cdots, \vdots, \ddots
Vector arrow	\vec{v}
Hat	\hat{x}
Bar	\bar{x}
Tilde	\tilde{x}

Functions

\sin, \cos, \tan, \log, \ln, \exp, \min, \max, \lim, \sup, \inf

$${\displaystyle f(x)=\sin x+\log x}$$

Piecewise Functions

f(x) = \begin{cases}
x^2 & \text{if } x \geq 0 \\
-x & \text{otherwise}
\end{cases}

Summation

\sum_{i=1}^{n} i^2

$${\displaystyle {\sum }_{i=0}^{\infty }\frac{1}{2^i}}$$

Integrals

\int f(x)\,dx

\int_{a}^{b} x^2\,dx

\iint, \iiint, \oint

Matrices

\begin{bmatrix}
a & b \\
c & d
\end{bmatrix}

Other styles: pmatrix, vmatrix, Vmatrix

Cases and Conditions

\begin{cases}
1 & \text{if } x > 0 \\
0 & \text{otherwise}
\end{cases}

Arrows and Relations

Write…	In LaTeX
Right arrow	\rightarrow
Left arrow	\leftarrow
Double arrow	\Rightarrow, \Leftarrow
Bidirectional arrow	\leftrightarrow, \Leftrightarrow
Maps to	\mapsto
Proportional to	\propto
Element of	\in
Not in	\notin
Subset	\subset, \subseteq
Union / Intersection	\cup, \cap

Brackets and Delimiters

\left( \frac{a}{b} \right)
\left[ \cdots \right], \left\{ \cdots \right\}

\left| x \right|

Limits and Derivatives

\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{\sin x}{x}

\frac{dy}{dx}, \frac{d^2y}{dx^2}

\frac{\partial f}{\partial x}

Logic Symbols

Write…	In LaTeX
For all	\forall
There exists	\exists
Not	\neg
And	\land
Or	\lor
Implies	\Rightarrow
If and only if	\Leftrightarrow

Alignment and Equations

\begin{align}
a &= b + c \\
x &= y + z
\end{align}

Sets

\{ x \in \mathbb{R} \mid x > 0 \}

\in, \notin, \subset, \subseteq, \cup, \cap, \setminus

\mathbb{R}, \mathbb{N}, \mathbb{Z}, \mathbb{Q}, \mathbb{C}

Misc Tips

• \,, \;, \! for spacing in math mode
• \text{} for inserting regular text in math mode

x = 0 \text{ if } y > 2